The French submarine Narval was an Acciaoia class submarine operated by the Free French Navy during the Second World War.
Originally operated by the Italian Regina Marina as Bronzo, she was captured on 12th July 1943 after being engaged by HMS Seaham, HMS Boston, HMS Cromarty, and HMS Poole. Towed into to Syracuse by HMS Seaham, she was as later transferred to Malta and renamed HMS P714.
It was originally intended to transfer her to the Hellenic Navy, but was given to the Free French naval forces instead on 29 January 1944. She was renamed Narval and remained in operation until the end of the war when she was decommissioned. She was finally scrapped in 1948.
Bronzo (on the right) next to Volframio in early 1942Bronzo at her base in Cagliari, Sardinia, in early 1943Bronzo was commanded for most of her life by Tenente di Vascello Cesare BuldriniBuldrini (with binoculars around his neck) and other members of Bronzo’s crew in August 1942.On 12th July 1943, Bronzo surfaced among a group of British minesweepers, who immediately opened fire on her with their 3-inch gunsBronzo being towed towards Syracuse by HMS SeahamThe captured Italian submarine Bronzo sits in the harbor at Syracuse, SicilyThe captured Italian submarine Bronzo sits in the harbor at Syracuse, SicilyThe captured Bronzo at Syracuse, with damage to the conning tower clearly visible
HMS X1 was designed as a commerce raider for the British Royal Navy. The concept was to engage a convoys escorts with her gun armament, which would then enable her and other submarines to sink the merchant vessels.
X1’s gun armament consisted of four 5.2 inch guns in twin turrets, one fore and the other aft. In addition she carried six 21-inch torpedo tubes, each armed with one reload.
Launched on 16 June 1923, she was commissioned in December 1925. In operation, she suffered continual engine problems, resulting in the majority of her time undergoing repairs. It was found that conditions were cramped because of the large crew needed to operate the guns (58 men) and associated auxiliary equipment.
HMS X1 was laid up in 1930 and scrapped in 1936.
HMS X1HMS X1HMS X1HMS X1HMS X1HMS X1HMS X1 at seaHMS X1 at seaHMS X1 at seaHMS X1 being broken up
Galileo Galilei was an Archimede-class submarine built for the Italian Regia Marina. Launched on 19 March 1934, she was commissioned on 16 October 1934. At the time of Italy’s entry into the Second World War, Galileo Galilei was in the Red Sea. On her first patrol, she sank the Norwegian tanker James Stove on 16 June 1940. On the afternoon of 18 June a Yugoslavian steamer Drava was spotted. Galileo Galilei fired a shot across her bows to force her to stop, but on seeing the flag of a neutral country allowed her to proceed. The gunshot however was heard by HMS Moonstone an anti-submarine warfare trawler patrolling nearby.
One British aircraft responded to Moonstone’s signal, arriving at 16:40 and which forced the submarine to dive. After nightfall, Galileo Galilei surfaced to recharge her batteries, but was spotted by Moonstone forcing her to dive again. Subjected to a depth charge attack which caused no damage, she waited out the night on the seabed. On the morning on 19 June, methylchloride poisoning began affecting the crew. At this time, she was detected by Moonstone which commenced a depth charge attack. Considering the weak armament of Moonstone (one 4-inch gun and two machine guns, Captain Nardi decided on a surface action with his two-100mm guns and machine guns.
HMS Moonstone moved too fast for the 100mm deck guns to accurately target her, compounded when the sighting mechanism of the forward gun broke. Hits on the forward gun position, conning tower (killing the captain) and then the jamming of the rear gun caused the senior officer to surrender the submarine when the British destroyer HMS Kandahar also arrived.
After her capture, Galileo Galilei was berthed at Port Said and served as a generating station to charge the batteries of British submarines. She was commissioned into the Royal Navy in June 1942 as HMS X2 (later changed to P 711), and was operated as a training boat in the East. She was scrapped on 1 January 1946.
Galileo GalileiGalileo GalileiGalileo Galilei being captured 19 June 1940 by the British armed trawler MoonstoneGalileo Galilei after her capture along with along with HMS KandaharHMS X2 (ex-Galileo Galilei) at Aden after her capture showing the damage to her finGalileo Galilei after her captureGalileo Galilei after being capturedGalileo Galilei after being captured
